64
Chopin · Waltz in C♯ minor · Op. 64 No. 2

Waltz in C♯ minor

A waltz that keeps coming home to the same two ideas and leaves its key only once. This guide follows how Chopin arranges them, and why the waltz tune itself never quite arrives.


— i —

Two ideas, one detour

Six sections alternate a waltz tune and a faster refrain around a single episode in D♭ major. Almost nothing is developed. The interest lies in where each idea is placed.

— ii —

The refrain gets the endings

Every perfect cadence in the piece belongs to the refrain. The waltz tune reaches for a proper close each time it appears and stops just short.

— iii —

No forte anywhere

Nothing is marked louder than piano. The high point is a matter of register and position: the top of the keyboard, reached quietly, at the moment of arrival.


The structure

Full analysis →

Theme, refrain, episode, refrain, theme, refrain. The pattern is easier to hear than to describe, and the repetition is unusually literal, so the differences between one statement and the next are where the story is told.

Waltz theme — mm. 0–32

C♯ minor · Tempo giusto

A hesitant tune that begins mid-gesture, wanders to the edge of a close and does not make one.

Refrain — mm. 33–64

C♯ minor · Più mosso

A running line that falls in sequence, then climbs the keyboard to a decisive arrival. The passage is played twice.

Episode — mm. 65–96

D♭ major · Più lento

Slower and sparer, with a bass that climbs step by step. It dissolves into a single line instead of closing.

Refrain — mm. 97–128

C♯ minor

The refrain returns almost note for note, its first note an octave lower.

Waltz theme, return — mm. 129–160

C♯ minor · Tempo I

The tune comes back with one added note and still declines to close.

Refrain — mm. 161–192

C♯ minor

The refrain a last time, and a final bar that leaves its third beat empty.


At a glance

Full analysis →
Key

C♯ minor, with a D♭ major episode

Metre

3/4 throughout

Tempi

Tempo giusto · Più mosso · Più lento

Form

Six sections, one episode

Instrument

Solo piano


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Analysis and study materials published as they appear.